A grape is a fruiting berry of the deciduous woody vines of the botanical genus Vitis. Grapes can be eaten raw or they can be used for making wine, jam, juice, jelly, grape seed extract, raisins, vinegar, and grape seed oil. Grapes are a non-climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters.
Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, which are responsible for the color of purple grapes. Anthocyanins and other pigment chemicals of the larger family of polyphenols in purple grapes are responsible for the varying shades of purple in red wines.
International varieties of grapes[]
Red grapes[]
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cabernet Franc
- Carménère
- Dolcetto
- Malbec
- Merlot
- Nebbiolo
- Pinot Noir
- Petit Verdot
- Petite Sirah
- Sangiovese
- Syrah/Shiraz
White grapes[]
- Chardonnay
- Gewürztraminer
- Muscat
- Riesling
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Sémillon
- Viognier
- Pinot Gris/Pinot Grigio
- Albarino
- Falanghina
- Malvasia
Regional varieties of grapes[]
Red grapes[]
- Barbera
- Bobal
- Cabernet Franc
- Carignan
- Carmenère
- Dolcetto
- Gamay
- Grenache/Garnacha
- Malbec
- Mencía/Jaen
- Mourvèdre/Monastrell/Mataro
- Nebbiolo
- Petite sirah/Durif
- Petit verdot
- Pinot meunier
- Pinotage
- Sangiovese
- Tempranillo
- Touriga Nacional
- Zinfandel/Primitivo
White grapes[]
- Albariño
- Chenin blanc
- Grüner Veltliner
- Müller-Thurgau
- Pinot blanc
- Pinot gris/Pinot grigio
- Silvaner
- Torrontés
- Ugni blanc/Trebbiano
- Verdejo
- Viognier